The national innovation system and policy implications for entrepreneurship in Taiwan and Japan
Keywords:
Entrepreneurship, National innovation system, University-industry cooperationAbstract
In a knowledge economy, accelerating the pace of knowledge building and the rapid acquisition of knowledge are keys to innovative development. However, the development of the commercialization of research results and formation of new start-up companies are often not as active as they should be with a lack of motivation and incentive being one of the contributing factors for the failure to take action. In Taiwan and Japan, the reason that widely advocated idea of industry-academia collaboration is to help advance the technological capabilities of research and development as well as produce economic benefit. The assistance rendered by the government during the transformation and the assessment of outcomes from entrepreneurial pursuits are key issues explored in this study. The results indicate that the network system in the national innovation system is important for entrepreneurship development. The domestic market of Taiwan is not as large as Japan and new entrepreneurs have to face global market challenges.
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References
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3. Audretsch, D. B., & Keilbach, M. (2008) Resolving the knowledge paradox: Knowledge-spillover entrepreneurship and economic growth. Research Policy, 37,
1697–1705.
4. Audretsch, D.B., & Thurik, A.R. (2001) What is new about the new economy: sources of growth in the managed and entrepreneurial economies. Industrial and Corporate Change, 19, 795-821.
5. Birley, S., & Muzyka, D. F. (2000) Mastering entrepreneurship. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
6. Bramwell, A., & Wolfe, D. A. (2008) Universities and Regional Economic Development: The Entrepreneurial University of Waterloo. Research Policy, 37,
1175–1187.
7. Braunerhjelm, P. ( 2007) Academic entrepreneurship: Social norms, university culture and policies. Science and Public Policy, 34(9), 619-631.
8. Bryan, M. J. & Lee, J. N. (2000) University revenues from technology transfer: Licensing fees vs. equity positions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5-6), 385-392.
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13. The Oxford handbook of innovation (pp.181 -208). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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17. Fritsch, M., & Mueller, P. (2008) The effect of new business formation in regional development over time: The case of Germany. Small Business Economics, 30, 15-29.
18. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Report (2012). Retrieved from http://www.gemconsortium.org/category_list.asp
19. Goto, A. (2000) Japan’s national innovation system: Current status and problems. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 16 (2), 103-113.
20. Hessels, J., & Stel, A.J. van. (2006) Export orientation among new ventures and economic growth (SCientific AnaLysis of Entrepreneurship and SMEs). Retrieved from http://repub.eur.nl/res/pub/8583
21. Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan. (2012) Retrieved from http://uice.heeact.edu.tw/zh-tw/2011/Page/IPO%20Comparison
22. Japan Patent Office Annual Report. (2012) Retrieved from http://www.jpo.go.jp/cgi/linke.cgi?url=/shiryou_e/toushin_e/kenkyukai_e/annual_
report2012.htm
23. Japanese Science and Technology Indicators. (2012) Retrieved from http://www.jpo.go.jp/cgi/linke.cgi?url=/shiryou_e/toushin_e/kenkyukai_e/annual_rep
ort2012.htm
24. Kato, M., & Odagiri, H. (2012) Development of university life-science programs and university–industry joint research in Japan. Research Policy, 41(5), 939-952.
25. Klapper, L., Laeven, L., & Rajan R. (2007) Entry regulation as a barrier to entrepreneurship. Journal of Financial Economics, 82, 591 -629.
26. Leibenstein, H. (1968) Entrepreneurship and development. American Economic Review, 58, 72-83, 1968.
27. Lundvall, B.Å. (ed.) (1992) National innovation systems: Towards a theory of innovation and interactive learning. London: Pinter Publishers.
28. Metcalfe, J. S. (1995) Technology systems and technology policy in and evolutionary framework. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 19(1), 25-46.
29. METI (2012) The U.S.-Japan Innovation and Entrepreneurship council report. Retrieved from http://www.meti.go.jp/pre ss/2012/10/20121025001/20121025001 -6.pdf
30. Miner, A. S., Eesley, D. T., Devaughn, M., & Rura-Polley, T. (2001) The magic beanstalk vision: Commercializing university inventions and research. In C. Bird Schoonhoven & E. Romanelli (Eds.), The entrepreneurship dynamic: Origins of entrepreneurship and the evolution of industries (pp. 109-146). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
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32. OECD. (1996) The knowledge-based economy. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/ science/sci-tech/1913021.pdf OECD(2003). The sources of
economic growth in OECD countries. Retrieved from http://browse.oecdbookshop.org/oecd/pdfs/free/ 1103011e.pdf
33. Rosenberg, N., & Nelson, R.R. (1994) American universities and technical advance in industry. Research Policy, 23, 323-348.
34. Schumpeter, J.A.(1934) The theory of economic development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
35. Shane, S. (2004) A general theory of entrepreneurship: the individual-opportunity nexus. Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing Incorporated.
36. Shane, S., & Venkataraman, S. (2000) The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. The Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 217-226.
37. Start-up Taiwan (2012), Retrieved from http://sme.moeasmea.gov.tw/SME/main/navigation/index.php
38. UNCTAD (2012) Entrepreneurship policy framework and implementation guidance. Retrieved from http://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/diaeed2012d1_en.pdf
39. United Nation’s High Level Panel on Global Sustainability. (2012) Resilient people, resilient planet: a future worth choosing (A/66/700). Retrieved from
http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/66/700&referer=/english/&Lang=E
40. Van P raag, C.M., & Versloot, P. (2007) What is the value of entrepreneurship? A review of recent research. Small Business Economics, 29, 351 -382.
41. Van S tel, A. and Diephuis, B. (2004) Business dynamics and employment growth: A cross-country analysis (Scientific Analysis of Entrepreneurship and SMEs). Retrieved from http://www.entrepreneurship-sme.eu/pdf-ez/H200310.pdf
42. White Paper on Science and Technology. (2012) Retrieved from http://www.mext.go.jp/english/whitepaper/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2013/01/15/1329760_
01_1.pdf.
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Published
19-05-2017
How to Cite
Tung, C. M. (2017). The national innovation system and policy implications for entrepreneurship in Taiwan and Japan. Journal SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICIES AND MANAGEMENT, 5(3), 81–95. Retrieved from https://vietnamstijournal.net/index.php/JSTPM/article/view/146
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